Not visible; only felt when the patient performs the Valsalva maneuver (straining/holding breath).
The 1982 period marked a significant point in pediatric urology regarding the "to treat or not to treat" debate. Infertility Link
If you are looking for the full video or text associated with this 1982 title:
Фильм Варикоцеле у детей. (1982) - Net-Film.ru
shown in the film. Would you like a breakdown of how the 1980s techniques compare to modern ones?
A 1982 guide might recommend:
